Essay about Behavior - 1190 Words

Behavior- Behave, it its root form, means to contain or to have. In the reflective sense, it means ‘to have bear oneself’. To use the word behave in common conversation, it is understood as to ‘behave well’. As for the phrase ‘to behave badly’, it is understood immediately. Behavior is looked at in society as the way a person presents him or herself in a given situation. It is also related to the specialized sense of manners. Use of the noun to refer to public conduct or, in a moral sense, to a general range of activities is still quite common. But the term is also used in relation to plants, lower organisms and animals to describe the apparent activity of the whole organism. One particular meaning followed from the extension of the†¦show more content†¦Different stages of bourgeois society led to different stages of the capitalist mode of economic production. It is often difficult to separate the meaning of bourgeois from the meaning used to describe historically distinct periods and phrases of social and cultural development. The bourgeois ideology of settled independent citizens is clearly not the same as the bourgeois ideology of the highly mobile agents of a para-national corporation. There are also some problems between bourgeois and capitalist, which are often used interchangeably but which are primarily distinguishable as social and economic terms. There can be difficulties of usage, associated with some of the most intense controversies of analysis, when the same word is used for the whole society in which one class is dominate and for a specific class within that whole society. Bureaucracy- Definition- the word Bureaucracy originated in English in the middle of the 1900’s. The word bureau had its meaning of a writing desk with drawers. The American use of Bureaucracy has become more common, especially with references to foreign branches. As the word bureaucracy evolved, many different meanings have been taken to affect. The increasing scale of commercial organization, with a corresponding increase in government intervention and legal controls, and with the increasing importance of organized and professional central government, produced the political facts to which the new term pointed. InShow MoreRelatedQuestions On Behavior And Behavior889 Words   |  4 Pageson the east side of Anchorage. The observation was focused on the whole class with a focus on a specific child when misbehavior occurs. The classroom has twenty-three students. Only one student has a personal behavior scale chart that is sent home to the parents about his classroom behavior. The scale chart is a 1-5 scale categorized in math, reading, writing, transition, specials, and intervention time. For whole class, there is a reminder consequence for misbehaviors. The student gets 2 remindersRead MoreAbnormal Behavior And Aberrant Behavior1292 Words   |  6 PagesWhile no commonly recognized definition of the term ‘abnormality’ exists to examine the observations described below, most descriptions of aberrant behavior share some common aspects, namely, deviance, dysfunction, danger and distress (â€Å"four Ds†). In other words, mental aberration patterns are usually deviant (atypi cal, out of the ordinary, radical, possibly even strange), distressing (distasteful and disturbing to the individual), potentially dangerous, and dysfunctional (hampering the individual’sRead MoreAnimal behavior1887 Words   |  8 Pagesthe opportunity of interviewing Dr. Katherine Leighty, an Animal Behaviorist. She is the Science Operations Manager over Walt Disneys Animal Kingdom in Orlando Florida. Dr. Leighty has a Ph.D in Psychology with sub-fields in Neuro-Science and Behavior Science. Some of the questions I presented to Dr. Leighty are as follows, with her giving additional information about her position. What exactly are your job duties What made you want to become an Animal Behaviorist What skills are neededRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : Organization Behavior2093 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Organization behavior is the study and application of information regarding how an individual or group of people within an organization behaves. According to John Schermerhorn author of the book Organizational Behavior Twelfth Edition, organizational behavior is the key characteristic used to maintain and enhance interaction levels amongst employees within a company (Schermerhorn, 2011). There are additional characteristics such as leadership, openness to confer in relation to issuesRead MoreBehavior Management Strategies 1085 Words   |  5 Pages1.Different schools of thought provide perspectives on behavior and behavior management. Chapter 1, Basic Concepts of Behavior and Behavior Management, presented an overview of behavioral, psychological, and sociological approaches to behavior management. Compare two of these approaches and explain how their perspectives are similar or different with regard to behavior, behavior problems, discipline, attitude, responsibility, and conseque nces. This candidate believes that the behavioral approachRead MoreEssay Organizational Behavior1057 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational Behavior Organizational behavior: Organizational behavior refers to the attitudes and behavior of the individuals in the organization. Organizational behavior is a inter-disciplinary field of study that draws from many of the behavioral sciences. The goal of organizational behavior is to apply the concepts from the other behavioral sciences to pressing problems that management may be facing, as well as applying organizational behavior to the administrative theory and practicesRead MoreCrime Is A Learned Behavior843 Words   |  4 Pagesawareness of how we allow outside influences determine our behavior in a given situation. Criminologists have determined that what we see others do, how much we may fear reprimands, and how we are classified in the social environment will have a reflection of how we conduct ourselves on an everyday basis. For example, a child who is allowed to slap or hit another child without any reprisal while their parent, may perceive this as normal behavior and will grow up thinking that they h ave the right toRead MorePerception Of Behavior And Misbehavior846 Words   |  4 Pages When we talk about behavior in early childhood education; we have to learn or define the concept of mistaken behavior and misbehavior. Misbehavior is the conventional term applied to conflicts that the child is involved in, resulting in consequences that often include punishment and the internalization of a negative label such as ‘naughty†. One example of misbehavior is when the child do something wrong and the teacher put a label to the child like â€Å"you are a bad boy† and the child felt reallyRead MorePsychology of Human Behavior800 Words   |  4 PagesPsychology of Human Behavior ROUGH DRAFT Everybody responds and behaves differently to events based on their own personalities. Some people are morning people, god knows why, but they are. Whereas other people like to stay up later because they get more done at night. That behavior is one that is programed to you from birth. If you don’t like mornings, you cannot make yourself like mornings, it’s not going to happen. But other behaviors are learned, based on our upbringing and environment. OurRead MoreBehavior of the Student1605 Words   |  7 Pagesindividual, the scope and limitations, and the definition of important terms used in the study. Introduction The study of human behavior is  absolutely essential for anyone to cultivate positive relations with others and avoid unnecessary conflict. The study of human behavior needs to be part of any educational curriculum program. The study of human behavior helps one to understand that it’s part of our human nature to make mistakes, that good intentions lead to mishaps and that stuff happens

Environmental Inequality Essay examples - 1747 Words

In August of 2005, Hurricane Katrina vigorously tore apart the U.S. Gulf Coast Region killing at least 1500 people, ranking at the third deadliest hurricane in United States history. Author of Survival and Death in New Orleans, Patrick Sharkey (2007), looked specifically at data on New Orleans residents that perished during Katrina in an attempt to look at the communities that were most affected by this unfortunate disaster. The storm took the largest toll on the elderly population and by African Americans, who he argued were overrepresented in comparison to whites. The toll was not only physical but mentally damaging as well, due to the overwhelming amount of loss to their homes, family members, pets, and childhood neighborhoods in which†¦show more content†¦In contrary, Sharkey acknowledges that the Knight Ridder Newspaper published a report that found that Blacks represented only a small majority of those who had passed away from Katrina despite the fact that they make up a large majority of the population that was affected the most. (Sharkey 2007) Therefore data used in Sharkey’s analysis uses descriptions of people and the communities that were directly affected by Katrina as a basis for sociological understand of survival and deaths caused by the storm. His findings concluded that, the storm hit New Orleans’s black communities hardest and found that African Americans were disproportionately likely to die in Katrina and were more likely to remain missing. (Sharkey 2007) This is also known as â€Å"geography of risk† (Sharkey 2007) as social characteristics are imbalanced and the fact that low income could have made it more difficult to evacuate the city, especially for those without cars or who were unable to get transportation. The government’s lack of organization created extra chaos for those with vehicles as they tried to flee their homes. Since it was decided last minute that the city needed to be evacuated, citize ns flooding the streets in a panic for survival. Despite the media reports of racism in mostly white areas of Louisiana, Freudenburg et al. (2009) notes that hundreds of whiteShow MoreRelatedHuman Inequality And Environmental Pollution1928 Words   |  8 Pagesbiting inequality and massive concerns of environmental dilapidation. Biting human inequality and Environmental pollution has been for long time and continues to be a serious problem in China. These two closely tied problems are evident mostly in education, health, economic situations, politics and the Chinese labor which is more of Modern Slavery (Chen, 2005). Putting these to context, the themes most relating to these Chinese contemporary issues are those of human and environment and inequality. ConsequentlyRead MoreEnvironmental Inequalities Of The Urban Environment William F Aburel Summary1640 Words   |  7 Pages Page 1 2/2010 1 Debates on environmental inequalities Another approach to the urban environment William F Aburel Summary: Unlike other countries, the issue of environmental inequalities, although present in the official speeches, France suffers from a lack of political ambition. The idea defended here is that the design Historical (technical-normative) institutional environment, so the observation mechanisms and action historically constituted by administrations, hinders the emergence of this issueRead MoreEnvironmental Inequality And Environmental Environment2290 Words   |  10 PagesEnvironment Inequality and Environmental Justice and Environmental Racism Environmental Justice are the two examples of how environment and community are connected in our text. Environmental injustice and environment pollution is unevenly distributed due to ethnic groups, low-income normally people of color. In 1995 over 40 million Americans were served lead in their drinking water exceeding the regulation limit. Environmental inequality is the unequal laws, regulations and polices and environmental racismRead MoreInequality in the Classroom Essay759 Words   |  4 PagesThe issue of inequality seems to be evident in our classrooms nowadays. It is said that although everyone, regardless of race or religion, have been given equal oppurtunities, the outcome is still imbalanced. Researchers say that this could be due to either biological destiny (/innate intelligence superiority) or cultural depravation (/cultural superiority). This essay will reflect my views on innate intelligence and cultural superiority in explaining group differences as well as other explanationRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between China And Australia1236 Words   |  5 PagesSimilarities and Differences between China and Australia’s Economies Introduction The Chinese and Australia economies have many similarities and differences, including the size of the economies, growth rates, unemployment, inequality, standard of living, environmental issues and the roles the different governments have in influencing and modifying these factors of the economy. Size of Economy The GDP is the total market value of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. China’s GDPRead MoreThe Incompatibility Between Economic Sustainability And Ecological Sustainability1714 Words   |  7 Pagessustainability and ecological sustainability is a contentious issue, specifically within the area of politics, technology, society, financial economies and environmental issues. When discussing such a matter the terms, sustainability, economic sustainability and ecological sustainability should be defined. Sustainability: the equality of environmental, social and economic necessities between today’s generation and tomorrow’s generation. Economic Sustainability: the employment of various strategies toRead MoreThe Ghetto Of A Caste System1630 Words   |  7 Pagesa sense of privilege that can last for generations. For example, the name Kennedy is an asset because the name can open so many opportunities for a Kennedy even if they are not worthy of the opportunity. One of the biggest inequalities in the inner city is property inequality. People in the inner city cannot afford to own any property of their own and if they manage to own a home their mortgage loan is higher than their white counterpart due to â€Å"predatory lending practices in the United States†.Read MoreSocial, Economic And Environmental Characteristics For Entrepreneurship1170 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper will explore the social, economic and environmental characteristics for entrepreneurship in the Olusosun rubbish dump as depicted in the movie welcome to Lagos. (LINES OF EXPLORATION) Nigeria faces vast inequality with a gini coefficient standing at 48. 8 (United Nations Development Programme, 2013). Lagos is home to the largest slum in the country, which is Ajungle. Nearly thirty kilometers away from the cities largest slum is a landfill where nearly 1000 people live and workRead MoreSo Much Inequality in Our World1677 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal Inequality Most likely every single person in the world is going though an inequality and suffering from it in the society that we are living in such as racial inequality, gender inequality, income inequality, global inequality, and etc. Even though there are more people today joining organizations or associations to stop inequality than before, social inequality is keep growing. We need to think about why inequality is keep growing and not getting batter as the time goes. Growing inequalityRead MoreCapitalism And The Need For Rebellion And Protest1731 Words   |  7 Pagescan be seen in the greater social and economic inequalities, exploitation of the periphery, environmental destruction, and the spread of disease. These components breed rebellion and protest are still edemic. The culture of capitalism has created problems and for the majority of the problems turns a blind eye, despite the rebellions and protests. The current road we are on can not last. The inequalities are continuing to gr ow, we have mass environmental destruction, over-consumption, and the spread

Bmw Films Free Essays

Decision Problem The primary issue faced by Jim McDowell is what to do for his next marketing campaign. He will need to decide what direction BMW will take in order to stay current in the target market and position the brand as the leader in the luxury car industry. A sub issue that Jim is facing is that in order for BMW to stand out compare to the competition, it must be at the forefront of the marketing trend. We will write a custom essay sample on Bmw Films or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is always pressure on innovative marketing campaigns as a bad campaign can lead to severe damage in the company image and reputation. Decision Alternatives There are a number of alternatives that Jim faces when deciding in what direction to move with the BMW marketing campaign. Develop more short films and build a big series out of it. Develop a full length movie for the theatres Do nothing to the existing campaign and move on to develop a new campaign To continue to use the existing BMW films plus developing a new campaign Creating new films on the heels of the original films plus developing a new campaign Develop a full length movie plus developing a new campaign In order to decide the best alternative it is important to look at some key decision criteria. In this case the important factors would be: delivery time, risk, cost, competitive advantage, ease of implementation. Analysis of Industry In the luxury car segment, BMW and Mercedes have stand strong against the strong competition from Japan like Acura, Lexus, Infiniti. In year 2001, BMW is second best luxury car seller, just behind Lexus amount the other ten major luxury brands. However, BMW only ranked 8th in media expenditures, which again proved the great success on their innovative campaign. In terms of customer loyalty, luxury brand customers do tend to stay among the top brands and are very loyal. There are always customers who switch from BMW to Mercedes or the other way around. Since BMW has the competitive advantage of a younger clientele, it is very important for BMW to create marketing campaign to young adult so they can look forward to own a BMW when they can afford one. Analysis of Company Evaluation of Alternatives Alternative #1, 2, and 3 should only be considered as a short term alternative that can achieve quick beneficial results with no long term prospects because all the alternatives evolve around the same film concept, which eventually will wear out and target audience will not be interested in it anymore. Alternative #4 takes into account with BMW’s long term goal, to be the leader in the industry with innovative campaigns. However, developing a new concept takes time and research before implementation, therefore some immediate alternatives needs to be done before the new campaign kicks in. Alternative #5, 6, or 7 will achieve that goal. Alternative #5 Introduce the BMW films to new markets that may have missed the online films during the campaign period will enable BMW to entice an entirely new segment. By showing the films throughother mediums, BMW will be able to reach a wider audience plus raising the brand awareness. Since this campaign is so successful and unique, BMW can also produce DVD and make itas a collectible item. This alternative is easy to implement, low cost to run, low risk as the campaign is already running with huge success with good reputation. However, other companies may copy the idea and there is a chance that BMW will lose its competitive advantage as the films are getting overly exposed to the original audiences that BMW targeted during the initial campaign period. Therefore, developing another campaign while this is running is necessary in order to achieve BMW’s long term marketing goal. Alternative #6 The other option would be to follow up with another series of films on the heels of the original films. BMW would want to keep the number of films low to try and blend them into the successful original films and not to market them as another series of short films. This alternative will require some time to prepare, and the cost will be much higher in comparison to Alternative #5, which will make it harder as BMW will need more resources in creating a new campaign at the same time. It is easy to implement as all the ground works are in place from the previous films. However, this alternative will have a higher risk than other options due to the high anticipation of BMW to produce high quality films. If any of the film receives negative feedbacks, BMW will risk losing out on the campaign inwhole, plus the reputation of the series. BMW will still keep its competitive advantage with this alternative as they are still the one who leads the marketing trend. Alternative #7 Creating a full length movie can be the next big campaignfor BMW. It is a new approach and will make the brand stand out of all others. The target audience is also much wider in comparison to the initial campaign. It will take a long time to implement, and not as easy as short films because a full length film is more complicated in terms of plot and production. The cost will also go veryhigh that may use up all of BMW’s resources in marketing. It is a two sided sword because if BMW is not placed enough in the film there is no difference in doing product placement in the James Bond movie series; meanwhile if BMW is overly exposed in the film it may create negative feedbacks as it will look like an hour long commercial. The interest level of audience will also be much lower in watching a long commercial than a short film. Decision Criteria Chart Here is the chart for the best 3 alternatives: (X? low score, XXX? high score) Recommendation Based on the analysis above it is evident that the appropriate course of action is to utilize the existing movies in the short term while developing a new full scale marketing plan in the background. By utilizing the existing films BMW will be able to quickly get to market films that they have already completed. They will ride the coat tails of the internet marketing, however by introducing the films to another target markets, BMW will hopefully build on the impact created by the original films. There is relatively low risk to this model because BMW has already invested in the films and by using different mediums to convey their message it is likely that an entirely new market segment will appreciate the films as the original audience did. Although the potential payback may not as great as some off the wall innovative idea, the concept behind releasing the films to a different audience should allow more time and resources to develop another new campaign. If there are enough resources, BMW can also consider creating 1 or 2 more films to avoid losing the competitive advantage toward the target audience. How to cite Bmw Films, Papers Bmw Films Free Essays Case Study BMW Films Decision Problem and Issues Statement With the great sales performance and strong brand awareness in U. S. market, BMW has decided to launch a non-traditional advertising campaign via producing s series short films and publishing in BMW’s website, in order to create brand excitement and enhance brand equity thus further strength brand loyalty. We will write a custom essay sample on Bmw Films or any similar topic only for you Order Now The BMW Films marketing campaign turned out to be very successful via generated huge media exposure and receive positive feedback from all website visitors. BMW now needs to make a decision on whether to continue to build on BMW film idea or start looking for new ideas for the next campaign. In addition, BMW faces a variety of sub issues that stem from the major issue: †¢ Strengthen brand image – always focus on strengthening the luxury image of the brand and not lose lead in the luxury market †¢ Stay ahead of the competition – ensure that new marketing ideas are innovative, stylish that provides BMW with a competitive advantage Define the target market for each product line – differentiate each BMW product which caters to different specific target groups in order to further increase the sales volume and market share. Decision Alternatives 1. â€Å"Milk† the existing film campaign – use the existing 5 films to strengthen brand image by focusing on reaching a wider audience 2. Develop more short films – Develop more short films to compliment the originals and continue to build up the mom entum and awareness. 3. Feature film – Develop a feature length movie for theatre audience to further enhance the emotional connection with BMW . Do nothing – move on to a new marketing initiative Decision Criteria The criteria that are important to the alternative analysis are: †¢ Easy to implement †¢ Improvement of luxurious brand image †¢ exposure to all audience especially potential buyers and car lovers †¢ brand recognition as the luxury and quality car maker †¢ Monetary and time investment †¢ Innovative non-traditional idea for communication campaigns Industry Analysis Success in the luxury car industry is characterized by the strength and quality of the product, differentiation of target customer group and uniqueness in brand communication. The luxury car market is a highly competitive market consisting of numerous brands each with a variety of models. Elegance, performance, technology and driving experience are all critical factors in the manufacturer’s success. The threat of brand substitution is high, with each manufacturer offering competitive products positioned for specific market segments, whilst Supplier power in the industry is low as there are many suppliers competing for the luxury manufacturers business. Company Analysis With BMW quality of cars and their previous marketing campaigns, BMW is well positioned to compete in the luxury car market. The company is building a strong product lineup, with additional models added to the core product segments. Through key position in performance they have improved brand loyalty and continue their focus on the â€Å"ultimate driving machine† campaign. This focus has now been expanded to position BMW as â€Å"the most exciting luxury car. † To ensure the company is focusing and satisfying on the customers’ needs, BMW has conducted extensive market research and has worked hard to make the vehicles appeal to the North American market with a wide range of products for a variety of segments and stand out amongst the competition. However, a limited marketing budget makes it difficult for BMW to effectively market to each one of these segments. BMW believes that â€Å"the future belongs to the nimble. † which is central to the cars and the marketing efforts. BMW’s mission is to be the first to figure out what the â€Å"next big thing† in marketing is going to be. Evaluation of Alternatives 1. â€Å"Milk it† – in this situation BMW would use the existing short films and try to expand them to a wider audience. This would be easy for BMW to implement as the films have already been produced. Films could be distributed to existing customers on DVD, or could be shown in theatre as a movie trailer. This option would expose to a wider audience and would promote BMW to more people, it would also reach audience who are used to the traditional TV channel or DVD viewers only, and would continue the success and awareness of the original release. 2. Develop more short films – This alternative would be expensive yet easier to implement because BMW has previous experience and resources in working with short films as a marketing tool and it may continue to build up the awareness. However, some competitors might try to copy this idea so this would not be innovative or stunning anymore. Over time, these films would lose their effectiveness as a marketing medium. Moreover, it will require substantial investment (15 million) which could be used in a different way to improve sales revenue. 3. Feature film – This alternative is one the boldest idea of being the first to market with new marketing initiatives. This is also the hardest alternatives for BMW to implement because of a huge amount of time and money associated with producing a feature film, and BMW has no experience with such an endeavor, although a feature film could strengthen the image as a market leader in the industry. 4. Do nothing, move on – This option is the easiest to implement as there is no immediate action required by BMW. The risk associated with this alternative is that a new idea may not materialize and the competition may be the first to act with new, powerful and more acknowledgeable marketing initiatives. The do nothing strategy is not consistent with BMW marketing strategy, and does nothing to strengthen the brand image or improve market share. Recommendation The recommended course of action for BMW is to â€Å"milk it† (See Appendix 1). BMW should stop creating more films and use their limited budget towards other more innovative ideas to really promote each individual model that they are planning to launch. As can be seen from Appendix 2, except Lincoln, BMW spent the least money per sold unit car among 10 competitors. BMW could consider to slightly increasing the marketing fund but spent in a different and smart way. Besides distributing films to existing customers on DVD and showing in theatre as movie trailer, we would highly encourage BMW to use their marketing budget: 1. To create internal customer appreciation support, such as having appreciation events, inviting their clients to ‘pre-launch† shows, encourage their current customers to share their BMW experience with their friends and families and reward them not with money, but with â€Å"recognition and appreciations†, which would truly make BMW a proud to be own vehicle. . To come up with more staff incentive with their marketing budget because their sales forces are the ones who market their products daily. 3. To participate and to create more kinds of award for their different lines, and add on product features to be promoted over and over again for their target and potential audience to understand what makes a BMW sta nd out more, how is it more innovative and to satisfy a customer’s need on other media channels. 4. To consider â€Å"product placement† in the movie(instead of producing a BMW movie), only if budget allows. Appendix -1 Alternative assessment form for BMW |Easy to implement |Improve brand image|Exposure to reach |Brand recognition |Monetary and time |Innovation on |Total | | | | |more people | |investment |non-traditional idea | | |Alternative 1 â€Å"Milk it†|3. 0 |2. 5 |3. 0 |2. 5 |0 |1. 0 |12. 0 | |Alternative 2 â€Å" |1. 5 |3. 0 |2. |3. 0 |-1. 0 |1. 0 |10. 0 | |Develop more short | | | | | | | | |film† | | | | | | | | |Alternative 3 â€Å"feature|0 |3. 0 |3. 0 |2. 0 |-3. 0 |2. 0 |7. | |film† | | | | | | | | |Alternative 4 â€Å"Do |3. 0 |2. 0 |1. 0 |1. 0 |0 |1. 0 |8. 0 | |nothing† | | | | | | | | Appendix -2 BMW’s competitor media spending/unit car (2001) [pic] How to cite Bmw Films, Papers

Non traditional threat to US free essay sample

In my opinion the most pertinent Non-traditional threat to the US is the economy. It is the single most important, globalized, and un-accounted for problem in the US. The current problem is so bad that the US economy is days away from a (partial) default. This would be the first default since possibly the 1700s at the founding of the nation. The problem with this is the US green back is the reserve currency of the world (all or most investments are made in US dollars). If the US defaults it will cause a ripple effect that will make the 2008 global financial crisis look small in comparison to the lobal catastrophe that will occur. The reason most investments are in US dollars is because dollars have historically been the most stable currency in the modern age. The US defaulting on its debts has both internal and external effects. The total of US government debt is over $ 16. We will write a custom essay sample on Non traditional threat to US or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 9 trillion. (US Debt Clock) Of that debt, $ 4. 8 trillion is owned by governmental agencies. This includes agencies such as the social security (holds over $2. 5 trillion dollars). Of the public debt, foreign investors own $5. 7 trillion. Keep in mind this is Just the actual government debt; effects of a default would be uch bigger. The US reached its debt ceiling in 2012. The US constitution 14th Amendment, Section 4 directly forbids the government from defaulting on its debt. Thus to cope with the debt ceiling being reached the government has been taking extraordinary measures in order to pay their debts (for instance suspending investments on individual pension funds). When these measures are exhausted, the government will not bring on a global economic collapse as they default on all their bonds. They will Just be forced to balance the economy to match their spending with their collected revenue. This is a very different issue (still with its problems) to a full default. What is important is that a full default is likely to not happen. The brinksmanship between the rogue Republicans and the government would only threaten a technical default on the shortest-dated US government bonds, because their shorter lives mean their maturity date is nearer than the rest of the governments safe assets. The problem here, as ever, is not whether the federal government is able to repay the principle from these bonds, but the short-term methods used to make these repayments. The US treasury would still be seen as a safe investment, albeit in more economically uncertain times, and thus bonds would probably rise in price believe it or not, the US government 10-year bond decreased in price after news that the media reported a default was unlikely. Though we are quick to forget, there have been 17 government shutdowns between 1976-1996 and the debt ceiling is raised almost every year a full default never happens. This brinksmanship is historically common, and it is the media and politicians that fuel the political fire by indicating that this is the year where it will default.

How Weve Prepared Our Themes Plugins for the New Block Editor in WordPress 5.0

Here at ThemeIsle, we started building themes and plugins six years ago. To be more exact, ThemeIsles first theme was published in the WordPress repo in July 2013. Back then, we were on WordPress 3.6 and people were doing the Harlem Shake. A lot of changes have happened in WordPress (and music) since then, and weve gotten better at making themes and plugins.Changes happening with the WordPress CMS are influencing our users, our products, and our business. And the recent release of WordPress 5.0 was no different.The new block editor pushed us to reconsider our product portfolio and come up with a plan to integrate the new block editor (AKA Gutenberg) into  our themes and plugins.While the block editor was undergoing testing, we watched the community talking about it, bashing the initiative and the adversity it created. But as the release rolled out, developers found that most end-users were quite content with it.At the time that were publishing this post, over 30% of users have upda ted their sites to 5.0, which is a considerable amount even if some of them are still using the old editor.So heres what we did to prepare a smooth transition to the new editor and a few considerations for users who are faced with the challenge of whether or not to use the block editor. Neve has integrated the Gutenberg editor seamlessly into the backend. Now your edits will look almost identical to the frontend.Weve also looked at what we can offer within the blocks and how we can bring more of each themes flavor into the blocks styling. Weve made sure that all typography, color, and layout options (including both those  from the theme or from the new editor)  make for a smooth transition between the backend and frontend, alongside default and custom blocks that beautifully match the themes styles.Weve made it our primary mission to make sure they have the best user experience possible. This is why, with the WordPress 5 in place, weve focused on paying special attention to the new editor and ways of integrating it in the themes.Rodica Andronache, Theme Lead at ThemeIsleNew block templates for Hestia and Neve, powered by OtterBoth Neve and Hestia recommend our new free plugin called Otter. Gutenberg Blocks and Template Library by Otter Author(s): ThemeIsleCurrent Version: 1.2.5Last Updated: September 10, 2019otter-blocks.zip 96%Ratings 113,328Downloads WP 5.0+Requires With Otter, were exploring new uses for blocks and templates (like pricing plans, features, team member showcases, and more) that speed up post creation.While you can use Otter with any WordPress theme (as long as youre using the new block editor),  weve added some special goodies for Neve and Hestia users.If you have one of our Hestia or Neve themes installed, you will be greeted with a surprise Otter offers pre-defined block configurations that nicely match the themes looks.Styled Hestia templates in Otters section blockBlock editor compatibility for our plugins, tooFor plugins, we needed to decide which of the Gutenberg APIs was better suited for the integration. That is, where would users find the plugins options and how would those options be integrated into the editor?For Feedzy RSS Feeds, we introduced a block that replaced the older shortcode method:New blocks created for Feedzy RSS Feeds and Section block (in Otter)In the case of WP Product review  , we decided to use the Plugin API and integrate the WP Product Review options into the sidebar:For Visualizer: Tables and Charts, the block was a portal to display/edit the existing shortcodes, which were saved as a custom post type.Backward compatibility was our main focus so we tried experimenting many ways to make sure we give the seamless experience as before while making sure our products are just as much Gutenberg ready in terms of code, as theyre in their design philosophy.Hardeep Asrani, Product Manager at ThemeIsleAre you ready for the block editor?Going back to the editor adoption by users now and what is the best course of action at this time, I see two scenarios depending on what type of user you are.Use case #1 WordPress newbiesPeople who are joining WordPress for the first time dont have a real concern for historical facts and what was here before they arrived.If it works (and it does) why bother to look for options? For people building their first sites, the block editor is the only reality. These new adopters are not challenged by previous habits and they will start using it right off the bat.If you have a new site and youve just joined WordPress, just roll with it and make sure youre updating to the new versions when they come out. The 5.1 release is coming out  on February 21st and brings new site health features and a faster running editor.Use case #2 Long-time WordPressersThis is where we also belong. Here are people that have at least a live site on WordPress. They built their sites when the classic TinyMCE editor was around and needed to learn all the wid gets and plugins that came to help.If your sites were published before WordPress 5.0, its better to wait a couple of months until all theme and plugin developers have made the transition to the new editor. You can still update WordPress, but use the old editor instead (heres how to keep using the Classic TinyMCE editor for now).The next steps for usOver the next few months, were putting more effort into the development of themes, with Neve coming along with a starter sites library built with the new block editor.Beyond that, were going to keep enhancing our Otter blocks plugin to help users get more from the block editor. WordPress UI keep evolving. This was a needed challenge to bring more usability to the users and it feels like things are moving in the right direction. In order for us to evolve, we need to change our old ways and rediscover how to be creative, which is best brought by the unknown.Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time b y even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Whig History of Science

Whig History of Science Whig history describes our past as a kind of progression towards independence and enlightenment. The major idea of this history is the raising of scientific progress, human freedom, and constitutional government. Kearney underlines that Whig interpretation of any history â€Å"implies a view of the past which divides men essentially into two simple categories, progressive or reactionaries, forward-looking or backward-looking.† (1971, 17) Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Whig History of Science specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to such idea, Whig history of science divides all scientists into good and bad ones. Good scientists stick to the side of truth, and bad, ignorant, scientists prefer to disprove the truth. Whig history of science presents all past cultures like blind groups, which try to arrive at the views people have already enlightened. Only great men or women can present great discoveries, which will be truthful and corresponding to the already existed theories. Whig history of science creates a kind of barrier to clear understanding of everything. Theory-Loading of Observation Observation plays a very important role in the development of science. Alan Chalmers (1982, 23) points out that observation should be respected due to two reasons: (1) â€Å"science starts with observation† and (2) â€Å"observation yields a secure basis from which knowledge can be derived.† The theory-loading of observation is rather important for humans’ understanding of how science works and can be developed. Humans observe many things and make certain conclusions about them. This is why it is possible to say that nature give all facts, which are so important for science, to humans. People have nothing to do but continue observing things and compare them with their own predictions. The theory-loading of observation and facts, gathered by people from nature, infect all the tests and influence considerably future results. In order to make true, clear conclusions about something, it is crucially important for an observer to stay unbiased and unprejudiced. Popper’s Theory of Falsification Karl Popper was a famous Australian and British philosopher. One of his main purposes was the explanation of why many people could not come to one and the same conclusion after the experiment had been already conducted. Proper underlines that things do go wrong during the experiments, this is why the results cannot be positive. Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Popper, experiments cannot prove something but just fail to disprove. â€Å"Popper’s theory of falsification relies upon closely similar ideas about the role of ‘agreement’ among the scientists.† (Niiniluoto, 49) Popper works between two conceptions, whi ch are the centre of his theory. They are verification and falsifiability. With the help of Popper’s theory of falsification, it is easy to analyze and criticize already existed works and experiments and demonstrate their falsifiability. In such case, the hypothesis, created according to Popper’s theory of falsification, cannot be disproved, and this is what is necessary for science. Merton’s Norms of Science One of the sociologists, who influenced considerably the development of science, was Robert King Merton. He conducted numerous researches into the sociology of science and developed one of the most famous norms of science, also known as CUDOS. The Merton’s norms of science â€Å"compose an interacting and mutually reinforcing system of behaviour designed to make the common intellectual property of science proof against the distorting possibilities.† (Trachtman Perrucci, 13) The norm of communism underlines common ownership of all discoveries , ideas, and goods comprised by science. The norm of universalism lies in the fact that truth-claims of science should be evaluated without taking into consideration race, gender, religion, class, etc. Disinterestedness norm is all about the absence of scientists’ preferences during conducting researches. The last norm of organized scepticism points out that all scientific ideas have to be checked and analyzed properly before they will be presented to the public. Kuhn’s Paradigms Thomas Kuhn was one of the most known American historians of science and philosophers. Kuhn said that science was not able to progress any more because of unbelievable increase of new knowledge. His notion of paradigms replaced numerous theories in the social sciences. â€Å"A paradigm is an all embracing theoretical framework that defines scientific work in a given moment or period within one particular field of science.† (Schuster, 128) Kuhn had an unbelievable desire to avoid certa in subjectivity in science; however, his paradigms were not properly evaluated, they could not be connected to the modern world, and, finally, Kuhn’s paradigms could not help to solve any problem existed in science. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Whig History of Science specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is why these paradigms are rather infamous in philosophy of science. Without any doubts, Kuhn developed the idea of paradigm better than any one before; he described the components of any paradigm and even underlined its importance in science. Reference List Chalmers, A. F 1982, ‘The Theory-Dependence of Observation’, What is This Thing Called? An Assessment of Nature and Status of Science and Its Methods, University of Queensland Press, St. Lucia, pp. 22-37. Kearney, H 1971, ‘The Whig Interpretation of History’, Science and Change 1500-1700, Weindenfeld and Nicholson, London, p p. 17-22. Niiniluoto, I 1984, Is Science Progressive? Springer. Schuster, J. A 1995, ‘Kuhn and the Nature of Science and Scientific Revolution’, Introduction to the History and Social Studies of Science, Department of Science, University of Wollongong, pp. 123-148. Trachtman, L. E, Perrucci, R 2000, Science under Siege: Interest Groups and the Science Wars, Rowman Littlefield.

Recommendations and strategic message Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recommendations and strategic message - Essay Example Goldenberg (103) says that the service process in the service organization revolves around the customers. The process commences when the customer interacts with the system and is completed when the customer exists the system. The Service processes at the Straits begins with the customer entering the restaurant, the customer is then led to the dining table, before he reviews the menu. After reviewing the menu, the customer should place the order, the meal is then prepared before it is served to the customer. The customer is finally expected to pay the bill after eating the meal and before exiting the restaurant. In the process of serving the guest, the servers and the hostess at the restaurant should give the customers personalized attention though warm reception, provision of enough utensils, serving guest with beverages and water besides being attentive to any other needs of the guests. It is worth noting that the customer should experience satisfaction as he is taken through each of these stages of service process at the restaurant (Goldenberg 102). The satisfaction will be experienced through personalized attention from the servers and the hosts who are expected to be welcoming, attentive, and responding fast to the demands of the customers. a) The issue: the major issue at straits is that the hostess are not at the podium at all times to greet the guest besides acting unprofessionally. The primary data shows that the hostess were not available to greet the guests 60% of the time. c) Reasons for service improvement recommendations: 1). the customers have a bad attitude about Straits-most guest said that the hostess were unprofessional in the way they serve guest 2). Poor division of labor-for instance, some hostess were serving guests yet that is the role of servers, 3). Slow action- for instance the hostess have to reminded several times to attend to the guests. d) Recommendations: the objective of the recommendations is to

Women in Engineering Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Women in Engineering - Term Paper Example What is it about engineering which keeps the fairer sex away from the profession? Do they lack engineering acumen or there are systematic problems which keep them away from the professions. Women have busted many male dominated professions lately like medicine , college education and even started joining the army. There are of course the professions where women have always been more successful as compared to men such as nursing and teaching. Then what is it about Engineering that keeps women away? The small number of engineers that we do find are working in the field of computer Engineering , there are almost negligible women working in core engineering fields such as civil , mechanical or electrical. In this term paper we will try to examine the reasons for the low representation of women in engineering and also discuss some steps which can be taken in order to ensure that number of women engineers increase in the USA. No field can be said to be truly marvelous if almost 50% of our workforce is excluded from it. The main reason for worry for USA is not that there are very less number of females who are engineers. The bigger worry is that number of women graduating from engineering programs has declined by about 5.2% by 2009 (Fouad and Singh.).At present about 20% of women graduating from engineering colleges are women – a figure which has remained static for the last 15 years. The bigger worry is that even Islamic countries like Qatar , Pakistan are producing more percentage of engineers than USA. ... No field can be said to be truly marvelous if almost 50% of our workforce is excluded from it. Body The main reason for worry for USA is not that there are very less number of females who are engineers. The bigger worry is that number of women graduating from engineering programs has declined by about 5.2% by 2009 (Fouad and Singh.).At present about 20% of women graduating from engineering colleges are women – a figure which has remained static for the last 15 years. The bigger worry is that even Islamic countries like Qatar , Pakistan are producing more percentage of engineers than USA. There is no indication that this figure is likely to increase any time soon. At a time when China and India are producing engineers in much larger number, USA cannot afford to close its doors on women engineers. We are already facing outsourcing of backend jobs to these countries , if the number of engineers in USA keeps on decreasing , we will soon see even research jobs being outsourced. A b eginning has already been made with companies like Yahoo and Google opening their research centers in India. The thing which is sad is the fact that although 20 % of women graduated as Engineers, in 2011 only 11% of them was actually working in the engineering field (Shellenbarger). Thus not only do women not prefer to opt for engineering but 50% of them who do engineering consider it as a mistake and do not take up engineering careers. In order to find out the reasons for this we will start to have a look right from the engineering colleges and then move up to the work place. Engineering Colleges: A male Bastion If you move around the campus of any engineering college , you

Terrorism and Torture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Terrorism and Torture - Essay Example There is an equilibrium of political, social and economic factors that are overwhelmed by recent developments in the nature of capitalism, which substantiate the contemporary use of torture as both legal and illegal means to achieving desired goals of ruling regimes. When the news of torture and abuse of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay and Abu Gharib Jail in Iraq came out, it became starting point of detailed discussions on the ethics of interrogating with bodily harm and mental threats. Legally questioning the inhuman treatment of suspects and the imprisoned has become an important aspect of the debate on torture. There is a long and deeply entrenched debate on the matter that whether torture is permissible under certain conditions or not. The debate is of course multidisciplinary as it draws arguments from various branches human knowledge ranging from criminology to political philosophy. The emergence of 'global risk society' in twenty first century has been the locus around which such debates on torture are popping up. The underlying spirit of the pro-torture arguments is the fact that the threats to security in twenty first century are decentred and uncertain. ... Curiously, terrorism and anti-terrorism in our times aim at the one and same thing: the destruction of the enemy more than victory over him.The widening debates over the permissibility of torture for greater common good cannot be examined by detaching from the state of affairs from which the possibility of such debates arises. Influential theorists such as Hardt and Negri (2004) have argued that the present world is characterised by a civil war of global reach. The global civil war is the primordial resistance to what they understand as the materialisation of 'Empire' in which total subsumption of life has become a reality. Thus, the resistance to the empire is a fight to save life from being conquered by the global war machine of the new transnational capitalist empire. Therefore, the fight to save life from being organised under the same logic of immaterial capitalist organization is inevitably and increasingly dealt with bodily torture and organised and directed mental harm.It is important to note that the debate on torture did not come into existence in a vacuum. It is not an attempt to answer theoretical questions, which are inspired from hypothetical models from philosophers' gambles. On the other hand, as a matter of fact, the state of affairs concretely necessitates the debate on torture for the purpose of creating an adequate policy framework to deal with the complexities of new forms of violence and crimes that increasingly spreading throughout the world. The critical question is that how the constitutional democracies could answer the challenge of respecting human rights while effectively countering and mitigating the effects of

The Nmc Code Of Conduct Nursing Essay

The Nmc Code Of Conduct Nursing Essay Nursing is a profession regulated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC 2008). The NMC is an organisation set up by the Parliament to protect the public by ensuring that nurses and midwives provide high standards of care to their patients. These healthcare professionals are also accountable for their own actions. The body sets standards for education, practice and conduct as well as providing advice for nurses and midwives. The NMC also considers allegations of misconduct or unfitness to practice. Using the case study given, it shall be the authors aim to demonstrate the understanding of the NMC Code of Conduct suggesting ways in which it can be applied to practice. In order to comply with the NMC Code of Conduct of confidentiality, the patient to be discussed in this assignment will be referred to as Mrs X. Furthermore the author will explore the four main principles of the code relating them to issues arising out of the case study. The author will also demonstrate the understan ding of ethical issues arising, analysing and discussing autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice. The case study refers to an 80 year old woman with a hip fracture, admitted to a hospital ward from a nursing home and urgently added to the operation list. She is bedridden, with severe heart problem and in early stages of Alzheimers disease and appeared to be coherent and lucid as recorded. She agreed to have a hip replacement operation after the consultant explained the procedure. On her way to theatre, she changes her mind and the consultant was informed. The consultant insists on proceeding, citing a busy week ahead and commenting that these elderly confused patients dont know their own mind. According to the NMC Code of Conduct, a healthcare professional has a duty to care and protect the interest of those in their care regardless of age, gender, culture, religious and political beliefs. Mrs X is 80 years old but the professionals still have a duty of care and must protect her interests. An interview was carried out by the medical staff and the patient appeared coherent and lucid but Mrs X has changed her mind on route to theatre. This author will critically examine the procedures that followed. The consultant explained the procedure to the patient who agreed to have the operation. Thompson et al (1994) stated that communication is one of the fundamental aspects in nursing The consultant was informed of the patients decision to change her mind on the operation and responds stating that We will have to proceed. As a nurse one could argue that the consultant should respect this decision as going against it would be breaching the NMC code. Mrs Xs decision to change her mind on the way to theatre, not wanting to go ahead with the operation should be respected. Hope et al (2008) stated that a patients autonomy can result in conflict, raise ethical dilemmas and may not be straight forward. Autonomy is defined as the right to choose or refuse treatment .Beauchamp and Childress (2009). The consultant could also argue that he is working in the best interest of the patient but does this override the patients right to make her own decision? Beauchamp and Childress (2009) stated that individuals views and rights must be respected as long as these individuals thoughts and action do not cause harm to other people. The NMC makes a point of highlighting the point of advocating for patients. In this instance, the nurse faces the ethical dilemma of standing up to the consultant and advocating for the patien t in order to uphold the code. Thompson (2003, cited in Buka, 2008) suggests that ethics is a study of how people behave, what they do, the reasons they give for their actions and the justification behind their decision. The need to maintain professional boundaries as well means that nurses have to raise their points in a manner that does not destabilise the team. Each and every member of the healthcare team must act as the patients advocate and remind or challenge colleagues should they fail to practice according to standards, Hindle and Coates (2011). If any medical team members working with the consultant on Mrs Xs case are not in agreement with his decision to proceed, they should challenge or remind him of the ethical code stipulating that the patients decision must be respected. When healthcare professionals are faced with dilemmas, patients should always come first. Childs et al (2009) states that when considering our actions we are bound by NMC codes, standards and guideline s, for students guidelines set by their training institution by local standards and guidelines within the clinical practice area and by the law of the country. It is unprofessional and unlawful to force treatment on anyone. Although the consultant explained the procedure, one could argue that making information available is different from effective communication. Consent was given the first time but the patient later changed her mind. An exploration for her reason to change her mind should have taken place and at least inform the patient that the operation was going ahead and the reasons for going ahead. The wording used by the consultant could be a concern. We will have to proceed. We have a very busy week ahead; these elderly confused patients dont know their own mind. Carry on as usual. One could interpret that the consultant is suggesting that when people get old, they automatically become confused; which could be stereotyping amounting to discrimination which is against the law. This could be taken to suggest that the consultant is of the assumption that the elderly are confused and dont know whats good for themselves and so should have decisions made for them. Patients are supposed to be treated with dignity, respect and as individuals considering their physical, psychological and social care with decisions made in partnership with clinicians, rather than by clinicians alone according to DOH (2010). Hendnrick (2004) defines consent as the permission given by patient voluntarily, without pressure, force or manipulation or undue influence. The NMC emphasises that healthcare professionals must seek consent from their patients otherwise they might be liable to be charged with assault or battery. The consent could either be in writing or verbal. In the event of a law suit, such documents and discussions can then be used in courts of law. Although Mrs X had given consent for the operation to proceed, health professionals should respect the withdrawal of consent. Proceeding with the planned operation against Mrs Xs wish amounts to violation of her rights and the nurse has a duty to highlight this aspect. The Mental Capacity Act (2005) was established to empower and to protect vulnerable people in making their own decisions. In particular, this was to safeguard those who lack capacity and those who have difficulties in making decisions because of illness, disability and those with mental health problems. The mental capacity act has four main principles of capacity: A person must be assumed to have capacity unless it is proved otherwise. Mrs X should be deemed to have capacity as she was interviewed and appeared coherent and lucid. Any act or decision taken on behalf of someone lacking capacity must be in the persons best interest. The consultant could argue he was working in the best interest of the patient. In the event that Mrs X lacks capacity, an advocate could be appointed to act on her behalf. An unwise decision is not to be taken as a lack of capacity. Even though Mrs X changed her mind and appears to have made an unwise decision, this should not be seen as lack of capacity. Until all practicable steps have been taken to help someone make a decision without success, they cannot be treated as lacking capacity. The consultant did not exhaust all efforts to help Mrs X in her decision making as no interaction took place after she changed her mind. The consultant took it upon himself to make the decision and dismissed Mrs X as an elderly confused patient who does not know her mind. The Mental Capacity Act (2005) has a test for capacity which states that a person lacks capacity if at the material time he is unable to make a decision for himself in relation to the matter because of an impairment of or a disturbance in the functioning of, the mind or brain. It does not matter whether the impairment or disturbance is temporal or permanent (Brammer, 2007). A person is unable to make a decision for himself if he is unable to understand the information relevant to the decision, to retain the information, to use or to weigh up that information as part of the process of making the decision, or to continue the decision (Brammer 2007). Section 3 of the act states that if the patient can retain information relevant to the decision for a short time only, this does not necessarily mean she cannot make a decision. When Mrs X changed her mind the consultant should have respected this decision because she was capable of retaining information for a while, had thought it through and decided she did not want to proceed. The Mental Health Act (1983) covers the reception, care and treatment of mentally disordered persons, the management of their property and other related matters. The act empowers authorities to detain those diagnosed with a mental disorder in hospital or police custody and have their disorder assessed or treated against their wishes, known as sectioning. Mrs X was diagnosed as having early signs of Alzheimers disease. This disease is a form of dementia, a neurologic disease characterized by loss of mental ability severe enough to interfere with normal activities of daily living. It usually occurs in old age, and is marked by a decline in cognitive functions such as remembering, reasoning, and planning. As Alzheimers disease is a progressive illness with no recovery, it is not applicable to use the Mental Health Act (1983) because whether or not treatment is given for the disease, this will not improve the decision making capacity of Mrs X. The General Medical Council clearly stipulates that healthcare professionals ought not to discriminate but should treat those in their care fairly based on their needs. The consultant is going against the GMCs code of conduct when he ignores the patients wish to discontinue with the operation. The GMC emphasises that patients have the right to change their minds on decisions.(ref) Nurses are required by the NMC Code of Conduct to express compassionate attitudes in their careers (Byrne and Byrne 1992). Nurses act as advocates for patients and as such can be described as special and unique to other health care professionals as they spend more time with the patients (Norman and Ryrie 2004). They are expected to develop a nurse-patient relationship which must be kept professional. It is also a nurses duty in accordance with NMC to educate the patient. Mrs X should have been educated and made aware of the advantages and disadvantages of the operation. The principle of non-maleficence is one which seeks to avoid intentional harm. Mrs X does not wish to undergo the procedure so to agree with her wish would be harmful although proceeding may harm any existing relationship between the healthcare professionals and the patient. What then happens if for instance the procedure does not go according to plan? Operations to correct hip fractures in the elderly are common and to abstain from conducting them would result in a lot of pain and discomfort not to mention the immobility issue. It is common knowledge that bedridden elderly patients if not moved regularly will develop pressure sores (Onslow 2005). The principle that requires action which benefits the patient is known as beneficence. To effect such an action sometimes medical professionals have to ignore the wishes of the patient if they can prove the patients incapacity to consent. While respecting the right of Mrs Xs treatment refusal, capacity test should be done to find out if she is capable of making her own decision. If Mrs X lacks capacity, then the medical staff should seek consent from the relatives or Independent advocates (Tingle and Cribb,. 2008). The ethical difficulties are compounded by such cases as the Canadian case of Malette v Schumann. The claimant came to hospital after being involved in a road accident. The doctor went ahead to perform blood transfusion despite the nurse having found a card in her pocket stating that she was a Jehovahs Witness and never to be given a blood transfusion. Later, on recovering the claimant won $20,000 of damages (Tingle and Cribb, 2008). The doctor was charged with battery. Mrs Xs wish not to proceed with the operation may be well founded and give grounds to litigation. The outcome of the operation also plays a major part in determining whether the decision to go ahead and operate is a good one or not. On tacking this assignment l learnt that establishing the patients consent is very vital for any action to be justifiable carried out. The consultant did manage to convince Mrs X to agree to undergo the procedure after talking her through it. He unfortunately could not accept her change of mind sighting her age as the problem. I felt that Mrs X hadnt been given enough time to ponder the idea of undergoing the procedure. She has been admitted to the hospital ward and urgently added to the list. I thought because she was in pain, she was not thinking straight and was pressured into giving consent. Looking back l now feel the consultant wanted the hip fracture operation to proceed as soon as possible as this would in turn ensure speed recovery. Looking at her age, I would like to think that the sooner she got operated on the quicker the recovery. He had the patients interest at heart. At the time l felt team work and better communication would have brought about better decision. The team members should have objected or aired their feelings against the consultants wish to proceed without consent. The positive was that if Mrs X was operated on, the pain would easy and she would then be mobile, which would be good for her heart. Taking the age issue into perspective the sooner she underwent the procedure the sooner she was expected to heal. The negative was that if anything went wrong, bearing in mind Mrs X had severe heart problem, the whole team would be in trouble. When Mrs X changed her mind about undergoing the procedure the issue should have been addressed properly since consent is fundamental in a patients care. A meeting between the medical care professionals to look into the reason of change of plan, if need be, a mental capacity test taken as is warranted under the Medical Health Capacity Act. In nursing the interests of the patients always come first. I think communication is vital in nursing. Communication is very important when dealing with patients in nursing. The consultant did not act as a professional when Mrs X changed her mind that she is not ready for the hip operation. I was not comfortable with his response as it sounded harsh, commanding and unprofessional when he was informed of Mrs X decision I have learnt that team is important in nursing and healthcare professionals should always respect the rights of their patients and consent is at the centre of every action. The author has explored the professional, legal and ethical implications of the case study provided. It has been identified that although the NMC provides guidance and regulates the nursing profession, the onus is on the practitioner to make decisions based on the guidelines. Although the nurses and doctors may be working together, it has also been noted the two professions are governed by two different bodies and therefore have different codes of ethics although some of the codes could be similar. The NMC code of conduct is often updated as the code sometimes conflicts with other policies and procedures from employment and the law. Nurses should ensure they are up to date with any changes and guidelines within this body (Beech 2007). Because of the trust accorded nurses by society (gained through recognition of nurses expertise) and the right given the profession to regulate practice (professional autonomy) individual clinicians and the profession must be both responsible and accoun table Hitchcock et al (2003). The basic ethical principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice and autonomy which are among the ethical principles that influence decisions in health care ethics have been explored and applied to the case study. The Mental Capacity Act (2005) has also been discussed and identified as the main legal instrument relating to this case study. It is crucial that nurses understand how the law influences nursing practice, particularly in relation to anticipating lack of capacity Hindle and Coates (2011).

House of a Loving Friend Essay -- Observation Essay, Descriptive Essay

House of a Loving Friend My eyes were half shut as drool brimmed on my lips about to escape any minute and drip onto the desk. Mr. Johnson didn't seem to notice, and lectured on in his steady monotone voice. A piece of paper landed on my desk, which snapped me back to reality causing me to slurp up the excess liquid on my lips. The paper was a note from Keli. That seemed to be all we ever did in Philosophy, write notes. I opened it and peered down at her neat, smooth handwriting. "What's wrong?" was what I found staring back at me. I frowned at the question asking myself the same thing. The day had been terrible, and for what reason I was unsure. I was unhappy and wanted to get away. I wanted to go somewhere where happiness overflowed and would surround me in its warmth. Then, at that moment, I knew what I needed to do. I needed to go see Ella. As I stepped from my car, the icy wind rustled my hair and stung my face. I shut my car door and turned around to see Ella's house. A small cream colored one-story house, sitting underneath a brown metal roof, met my gaze. Eye-like windows peered at me with a cheerful light saying that everything was going to be al-right. Crawford Reservoir lingered in the background, making it look like the picture perfect house. Pine trees were sporadically placed around, and Ella's old, blue car sat in the carport giving it a homey atmosphere. I smiled and rushed to the door not wanting another minute to be spent in the cold air. I pulled back the old storm door, twisting the brass handle of the white wood door at the same time; I just wanted to get inside. The second I was in the house, warmth flooded my heart and soul. I stood there drinking it in; it was the feeling I had wished for all day... ...xist, and I grimaced at the idea. These pale white walls would be empty indeed when that day came. Not wanting to entertain the thought, I drove it from my mind, smiled and decided to enjoy every second with her I had today! As I sat there listening to Ella, I realized there wasn't anything special about the house. It was Ella. She made the house seem alive with love and joy. I had never known a day when I walked through her door and didn't feel my heart swell with the love inside these walls. As I got up to leave the look of, "Please don't leave me!" appeared in Ella's eyes, and I wanted to cry. I promised to return next week and live the wonderful moment over again. I stepped outside, and again, the wind tried to grab me with its icy fingers, but it couldn't. Happiness was overflowing in my heart, and the warmth of Ella's love surrounded me like a warm blanket.

Commercials and Their Effect on Children’s Language

Language socialization is the process whereby children are socialized, or taught the norms and expectations of their culture, through the use of language. Language socialization includes both the use of language for socialization and the socialization to use language. Language socialization takes effect through exposure to language use, first from family members and other caretakers and then through further society, such as other children, childcare and media exposure. What effect does media exposure, particularly exposure to television commercials, have on language socialization in children? An investigation of literature suggests that television and commercials are likely to have a poor effect on language socialization, leading to inaccurate ideas of the importance of language and the culturally correct use of language.The general effects of television viewing on socialization are well known. According to Coats & Feldman (1995) American children spend significant amounts of time wa tching television – more time, they noted, than talking to adults, playing with siblings or attending school. They examined the effect of television on nonverbal socialization, and found that nonverbal displays of emotion are found at an unnaturally high rate as opposed to the natural environment. This can lead to frequent television viewers expressing a more expressive nonverbal emotional display style, due to incorrect socialization about the appropriateness of nonverbal display.Their study found that elementary school children who frequently watched television had more success at encoding emotions (particularly those frequently displayed on television such as happiness and sadness) than did children who infrequently watched television. They also found that these children used more emotive facial expressions. This is in opposition to cultural norms that require active regulation of facial expression, and may constitute a social disadvantage. DeLoache and Korac (2003) noted that there has been a substantial amount of research indicating that there is a correlation between violent programs and violent behavior.Neuman (1980) performed one of the first studies on the effect of television and listening behavior in children. She noted that the rapid pace of children’s television programming meant that children never had time to integrate the information transmitted by the programs. The changes were so frequent that children did not have the ability to learn to recognize the words presented in other contexts, meaning that language socialization through these television shows and commercials was ineffective and incomplete. Her study focused specifically on the correlation between listening skills and television viewing.She found that children did not routinely suffer a degradation of listening skills at increased levels of television viewing; listening skills, she determined, tend to be linked more to intelligence than to television viewing or artifici ally shortened attention spans. However, she did note that children who watched a lot of commercials, documentaries and news shows did have a decreased level of listening skills. She posited that this was due to the explicit lack of socialization cues aimed at children within these programs leading to decreased listening skills and attention spans. In short, these programs did not provide enough simulated human interaction to allow for language or cultural socialization, even as a substitute for human interaction.Durkin and Judge (2001) examined the effect of television language socialization on children in the specific context of foreign language speakers. The authors noted that language is a marker of ethnic identity and enculturation; reactions to language could also be a sign of ethnic prejudice. Ethnic minorities are often underrepresented in the media as well as portrayed in an inaccurate manner, perpetuating stereotypes and negative images of the ethnic minority. The authors wanted to investigate this portrayal on the socialization of young children around foreign languages at various ages.They found that three to five year olds routinely learned words from television programs, and that younger children used foreign language as a cue that a program’s content is not aimed at them. The authors performed a study that used videos of a family, speaking both English and an artificial foreign language, in prosocial and antisocial situations in order to gauge the effect of the foreign language on the children’s perception of the situation. The authors did not find that the foreign language routinely affected the children’s perception, although younger viewers did tend to view the foreign language speaking portrayals more negatively (in line with cognitive development theories which indicate that younger children see those who are different from them as a threat).The authors noted that the eight year old group showed a marked bias against th e foreign language groups in both the prosocial and antisocial situations; this, too, is accounted for by cognitive development theories, which indicate that a metalinguistic shift occurs around the age of seven or eight. This effect has apparently dissipated by the age of ten. Children of all age groups responded positively to the prosocial groups, and negatively to the antisocial groups, in line with expected socialization. The authors concluded that although foreign language could elicit prejudicial reactions in children, it is not clear that it is the foreign language that causes these reactions. However, this study clearly indicates that television’s negative portrayal of ethnic minorities could impact children’s later attitudes and socialization.Barling and Fullagar (1983) performed a factorial study examining children’s attitudes to commercials, including statements such as â€Å"I learned something new† and â€Å"The advertisement was entertainin g.† This study did not show any explicit awareness on the part of the children surveyed of learning or socialization through commercials. Bradbury (2004) stated,â€Å"A great deal of research has been done on this subject and, though varying greatly in its methodology and conclusion, would appear to suggest that it is not until the age of 12 that all children have developed a full understanding of the intention of advertising. In particular it is not until this age that all children fully understand the ‘advocatory’ nature of advertising, that is the way in which advertising communicates only positive messages about a product in order to encourage sales.†This inability to distinguish reality from commercial advertising may further increase the risk of inappropriate socialization through television commercials. Bradbury noted that exposure to commercials at an early age may increase the risk of developing a consumerist mentality that children do not have the capacity to recognize as inappropriate.Are there any potential benefits to children from television viewing? DeLoache and Korac (2003) examined the effectiveness of video learning in very young children.   The design of television programs for children, beginning with programs such as Sesame Street, aimed at preschool aged children, and progressing to programs designed for twelve to twenty four month old or younger children, are predicated on the idea that children can and do learn from video imitation. DeLoache and Korac noted that children do learn from these programs, although not as early as they can learn from direct interaction with other humans.Children as young as fourteen months have been observed to show learning behaviors (perceiving and interpreting the action, forming a memory representation of the action and then retrieving the representation at some later time) from behaviors observed on television. However, this is several months later than children have been obse rved to perform the same learning behavior in response to interaction with people. From this the conclusion can be drawn that children can display learning and socialization behaviors from television, though not as effectively as from person to person interaction.A review of literature regarding language socialization and television, including television commercials, learning programs and other forms of television aimed at children or viewed by children indicates that language socialization is provided by television, but at a lower quality than that provided by personal interaction with peers and adult caregivers. DeLoache and Korac indicated that television can provide learning opportunities for children, though not at as high a quality as personal interaction; children were seen to learn from television at a later age and a lower rate than from other people. Neuman demonstrated that television, particularly television that is not designed to provide socialization for children, cou ld negatively affect listening behavior.Additionally, some forms of children’s programming, which are rapidly paced and change content quickly, lead to inadequate language socialization as children are left unable to recognize new words outside of their original context. Coats and Feldman examined the effect of television on non-verbal socialization in children. They determined that children with high levels of television viewing had an inaccurate view of the frequency and appropriateness of non-verbal emotional expression, which could lead to a social disadvantage in a culture which values control of emotional expression. Barling and Fullagar found that children had no explicit understanding of the purpose or meaning of television advertising, where Bradbury stated that children continued to lack understanding of the purpose of television advertising as late as age twelve. Durkin and Judge determined that negative portrayal of ethnic minorities on television might affect lan guage socialization.Examination of literature indicates that while television viewing may have some limited positive effect on language socialization and learning behaviors, it is unlikely to be a substitute for personal interaction between peers and adult caregivers. Children were shown to have less understanding of appropriate social cues and behaviors, and did not retain as much language information due to inappropriate presentation and inadequate time to process and retain knowledge. Commercials pose a particular problem because they not only use a limited language set, but also portray and enforce an inappropriate consumerist attitude which children are unable to distinguish as not being the cultural norm.Works CitedBarling, Julian & Fullagar, Clive. â€Å"Children’s Attitudes to Television Advertisements: AFactorial Perspective.† The Journal of Psychology. 113 (1983):25-30.Bradbury, Paul. â€Å"Television Advertising to Children – To Regulate or Legislate ?†Children & Society. 14 (2004):73-75.Coats, Eric & Feldman, Robert. â€Å"The Role of Television in the Socialization of Non-Verbal Skills.† Basic and Applied Social Psychology 17.3 (1995): 327-341.DeLoache, Judy & Korac, Nada. â€Å"Video-based Learning by Very Young Children.†Developmental Science. 6.3(2003):245-246.Durkin, Kevin & Judge, Jasmine. â€Å"Effects of language and social behavior on children’sreactions to foreign people on television.† British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 19 (2001):597-612.Neuman, Susan. â€Å"Listening Behavior and Television Viewing.† Journal of EducationalResearch. 74.1 (1980):15-18.

Biography of Andrew Young, Civil Rights Activist

Biography of Andrew Young, Civil Rights Activist Andrew Young was born March 12, 1932  in New Orleans, Louisiana. He is a pastor, civil rights activist, and former politician. As a Democrat, he was mayor of Atlanta, a U.S. congressman representing Georgia’s 5th District, and the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations. He also served as executive director of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and as pastor of various churches. Andrew Young Full Name: Andrew Jackson Young, Jr.Occupation: Civil rights activist, politician, pastorBorn: March 12, 1932 in New Orleans, LouisianaParents: Daisy Young and Andrew Jackson Young Sr.Education: Dillard University, Howard University, Hartford SeminaryKey Accomplishments: Atlanta mayor, US Ambassador to the United Nations, US House of RepresentativesSpouses: Jean Childs (m. 1954-1994), Carolyn McClain (m. 1996)Children: Andrea, Lisa, Paula, and Andrew Young IIIFamous Quote: â€Å"It is a blessing to die for a cause because you can so easily die for nothing.† Early Years Andrew Young grew up in a middle-class Italian neighborhood in New Orleans. His mother, Daisy Young, was a teacher, and his father, Andrew Young Sr., was a dentist. His family’s privilege, especially relative to African Americans, could not shield Young and his brother, Walt, from the racial tensions of the segregated South. His father so feared for his children’s safety in this environment that he gave them professional boxing lessons to help them protect themselves, if necessary. Andrew Young, American senator and civil-rights leader who began his career as a pastor, also worked with Martin Luther KIng, Jr. Young was the ambassador to the United Nations and the mayor of Atlanta.   CORBIS / Getty Images In 1947, Young graduated from Gilbert Academy and enrolled in Dillard University. He ultimately transferred out of Dillard, receiving his bachelor’s degree from Howard University in 1951. He went on to get a divinity degree from Hartford Theological Seminary in 1955. A Pastor, Pacifist, and Activist Young’s early career as a pastor led to some significant changes in his life. At an Alabama church, he met his first wife, Jean Childs, with whom he would go on to have four children. He also served on the pastoral staffs of Georgia churches. Early in his career, Young took an interest in the philosophy of nonviolence and civil rights. His efforts to register African Americans in the Deep South to vote led him to meet the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. and join the Civil Rights Movement. He faced death threats because of his activism but continued to advocate for voting rights. He moved to New York City in 1957 to work with the National Council of Churches, but returned to the South to continue his civil rights activism in Georgia in 1961. He participated in the citizenship schools that taught rural blacks how to read and mobilize politically. African Americans who tried to exercise their voting rights in the Jim Crow South were often presented with literacy tests at the polls, though such tests were not routinely given to white voters. In fact, the examinations were used to intimidate and disenfranchise would-be black voters. Civil rights activist Andrew Young addressing the crowd at the funeral of assassinated American civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr (1929 - 1968), Atlanta, Georgia, 9th April 1968.   Archive Photos / Getty Images Young’s involvement with the citizenship schools and his relationship with King resulted in him taking a prominent role in the Civil Rights Movement. Having successfully organized anti-segregation marches, Young proved himself a trustworthy activist, and he rose to the highest ranks of the SCLC. He became the organization’s executive director in 1964. During this tenure, he would serve jail time for engaging in civil rights protests in Selma, Alabama, and St. Augustine, Florida. But serving as the SCLCs executive director also led him to help draft important civil rights legislation, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Together, these laws helped to strike down Jim Crow in the South. While Young had enjoyed a great deal of success as a civil rights activist, the movement came to a halt with the 1968 assassination of Martin Luther King at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. As the turbulent sixties came to an end, Young transitioned out of the SCLC and into the political world. A Rocky Political Career In 1972, Young made history when he became the first black person to serve as a U.S. congressman from Georgia since Reconstruction. This victory came after he lost his bid to be congressman two years earlier. After winning his congressional campaign, Young continued to champion the causes he had as a civil rights activist, including anti-poverty and educational programs. He served in the Congressional Black Caucus and advocated for pacifism; he objected to the Vietnam War and established the U.S. Institute for Peace. Mayor Andy Young (1932- ) announces his bid to run for governor of Georgia with his wife Jean who stands at right. Bettmann  / Getty Images Young left Congress when newly elected President Jimmy Carter appointed him the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations in 1977. In the role, Young advocated against racial apartheid in South Africa, but in 1979, he inadvertently sparked a controversy that led to his resignation from the post. He had a secret meeting with Zehdi Labib Terzi, the Palestinian Liberation Organizations U.N. observer. This was controversial because the U.S. is an ally of Israel and the Carter administration had promised that none of its officials would meet with the PLO until that organization formally recognized Israel’s existence. President Carter denied any responsibility for Young’s meeting with the PLO and had the unrepentant ambassador resign. Young said he felt that the secret meeting was in the nation’s best interest at the time. The PLO controversy did not interfere with Young’s political career post-White House. In 1981, he successfully campaigned to be Atlanta’s mayor, a post he held for two terms. Afterward, he entered the 1990 race to become the governor of Georgia but lost the campaign. While the loss stung, Young also played a pivotal role in bringing the 1996 Summer Olympic Games to Atlanta. He said he wanted to show the public that Atlanta â€Å"is a world-class city† as well as â€Å"a brave and beautiful city.† Young’s Influence Today In the twenty-first century, Andrew Young has remained relevant. He has served in leadership positions for various organizations, including the National Council of Churches from 2000 to 2001. He also established the Andrew Young Foundation in 2003 to advocate for human rights throughout the African diaspora.   Author Kabir Sehgal, Author and Ambassador Andrew Young, and President Bill Clinton attend the Walk In My Shoes: Conversations Between A Civil Rights Legend and His Godson on The Journey Ahead Book Event at The Paley Center for Media on February 9, 2011 in New York City.   Brian Ach / Getty Images Today, Andrew Young belongs to the select group of activists who directly witnessed the Civil Rights Movement unfold. He has documented his activism in several books, including 1994’s â€Å"A Way Out of No Way† and 2010’s â€Å"Walk in My Shoes: Conversations Between a Civil Rights Legend and His Godson on the Journey Ahead.† Young has won a number of awards, most notably the Presidential Medal of Freedom. He’s also the recipient of the NAACP’s Springarn Medal and the Democratic Party of Georgia’s John Lewis Lifetime Achievement Award. Educational institutions such as Morehouse College and Georgia State University have named the Andrew Young Center for Global Leadership and the Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, respectively, after him. Young’s influential role in the Civil Rights Movement was also captured in the 2014 film â€Å"Selma,† which introduced a new generation of young people to his work. Sources â€Å"Andrew Young Fast Facts.†CNN, Feb. 27, 2019.George, Lisa. â€Å"Andrew Young On 1996 Olympics: ‘We Were Working Together.’† WABE.org, July 21, 2016. â€Å"Young, Andrew Jackson Jr.† History.House.gov.

Types of Equality essays

Types of Equality essays Despite the guarantee in the Constitution that all men are equal, the meaning of equal and the ways to achieve equality are quite different. The greatest consensus and most clearly stated definition of equality comes from the Constitution and is the equality of opportunity. This would give everyone the same opportunities regardless of race, ethnic origin, religion, or sex. The second interpretation is the equality of starting conditions. This gives everyone, despite the terms of their discrimination, a chance to start out on the same level. This is often achieved by compensating the disadvantaged through federal programs such as Head Start. The third is equality among groups. Often there are large differences in wealth and advantage among groups and programs like affirmative action are designed to help people because of their membership to a certain group. The last is equality of results which guarantees minimum floor below which no one should be allowed to fall. To achieve equality, the concept of equality of opportunity must be fully embraced. Every business, school, and individual must look at people for what they have to offer instead of where they came from or whom they look like. At the same time, everyone must be given the opportunity to start at the same place. Federal programs, such as the previously mentioned Head Start, should be encouraged to do this. In order to succeed in the opportunities, a person must have the necessary skills that programs such as this can give them. Finally, communication about issues such as this should be encouraged. As long as people ignore the problems that effect disadvantaged people in society, they will continue. Schools, families, and society in general should be encouraged to address these issues in public and maybe a solution to absolute equality will finally be reached. ...

Is a 'Surveillance Society inevitable in the age of new media Essay

Is a 'Surveillance Society inevitable in the age of new media - Essay Example others construe to the transformation as a commencement pause from the total political fashions of the past times along with their calamitous results. It is quite significant to comprehend that this sense of moribund courteousness and contribution has established itself concomitantly with the propagation and broadening implementation of the new-fangled information and communication technologies or the ICTs, in particular to the internet as well as the world-wide web. Still, the interaction media are frequently supposed by description to be communal incorporating, thereby, generating a standardized eminent chore which delineates a communal majority (Lievrouw, 2001). This conviction has branched-out to various discourses regarding the internet and online communal groups, along with current experiential analyses. The global internet crops up with the foundation for an unmatched world-wide concord as well as communal justice progress all throughout the period of terrorism, war, and severe political combats. In the same way, the internet has experienced deep-seated alterations all throughout this period. Innovative web-forms have cropped up at the hyper-textual anatomical design of the internet, even as various online mechanisms have evolved from the technological tassel to embellish in to a centralized attribute of routinal life on the World Wide Web. Hence, this paper would analyze the way media has turned constantly political in current times, and how its growth structure has augmented politics in general terms. Critical financial times regrettably appear to bring along an increment in all sorts of offences. No matter which field an individual or commune belongs to, they are always at a stake of some form of

Bioresorbable screws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bioresorbable screws - Essay Example It is necessary to examine the three stages of the process and anticipate probable flaws in the final product resulting from decisions made at each stage. The melting phase of injection molding is essential to achieve the most even blending possible of the injected material. Too low a temperature may prevent the material from blending into a homogeneous mixture. If the temperature is too high there is a possibility that some material will be lost through evaporation, or combustion under the right circumstances. In any event, excess temperature would result in an inefficient process where energy is wasted, thus raising costs unnecessarily. The speed of the injection of the melt represents a danger as well, too slow and there is a possibility that a portion of the melt may partially solidify before the mixture is sealed into the pressure. Still there is the question of how fast the process absolutely needs to be for industrial efficiency. When the desired mixture is achieved, the press ure inside the injection mold must be intense enough to allow solidification while an optimum distribution of molecules is present, to ensure homogeneity. One possible experimental design is to locate the melting point of hydroxyapatite and then deliver five samples into separate heating elements at ascending 10Â ° increments above that melting point. ... ptimal temperature is determined in this method, material samples heated to the same temperature can be injected into new samples at five different speeds in progressively faster increments which are then sealed prior to hardening. Using the same stress testing, the optimal temperature at the optimal injection speed could then be used in a third experiment involving five samples at different increments of pressure. The stress tests can be repeated. In terms of power analysis, this design allows adjustability and the potential for precision. Five samples for each phase of testing create an experiment that permits the investigator to pinpoint the optimal conditions most conducive to the structural outcome desired. Five samples in 2Â ° increments allow inference of the optimal conditions without redundancy. If at either of these experimental phases there are inconclusive findings in stress testing, then the increment requiring the least amount of energy should be recommended. This prop osed experimental design could be evaluated using logistic regression. If the goal is to assess whether the product will break at a certain level of pressure, then whether breakage occurs is a categorical dependent variable, but this experiment proposes continuous data based upon temperature, injection speed, and mold pressure. This statistical method should provide insights concerning the optimal combination of factors to inform an attempt at reliability testing. For the purposes of this experiment, the continuous gradations in terms of temperature, injection speed, and mold pressure are necessary to provide a range of information that optimizes the probability of finding the most advantageous method. A repetition of these tests can be used to reduce the probability of anomalies and